Patents and Patent Applications - Translated Claim by Claim, in the Language Patent Offices Read

Patent translation: technical accuracy inside legal form

A patent application has a fixed anatomy - the title, the abstract, the description with its background, summary, brief description of the drawings and detailed description, the claims, and the drawings with reference numerals - and each part is read by an examiner for a different purpose: the claims define the scope of protection and are construed word by word, the description supports the claims and must disclose the invention sufficiently, the abstract informs searching, and the drawings are referenced by numerals that must match the text. Patent language has conventions that translators must follow and general translators do not know: the structure of independent and dependent claims, the meaning of "comprising" versus "consisting of", the use of "said" and "wherein", the antecedent basis rule that every element in a claim must be introduced before it is referred to, the consistency of reference numerals, and the prohibition on adding or losing matter in translation. Our patent translators are engineers, chemists, biologists and IT specialists trained in these conventions, working in the invention's field, with a patent-language reviewer on every document.

Entering Georgia: Sakpatenti, PCT national phase and Eurasian patents

Foreign applicants protect inventions in Georgia through the National Intellectual Property Center of Georgia (Sakpatenti), by national phase entry of a PCT application, by direct national filing, or, since Georgia's participation in the Eurasian Patent Convention arrangements, through the Eurasian Patent Office in some cases; Sakpatenti requires the application in Georgian, and the translation of the description, claims, abstract and drawing texts must be filed within the national phase deadline, in the office's format, and must correspond to the international application without added matter. We translate PCT applications and direct filings into Georgian from English, German, French, Russian, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Turkish and other languages with technical specialists in the invention's field, format the application to Sakpatenti's requirements, keep the reference numerals and terminology consistent with the drawings, and deliver within the deadline with a certificate of translation; we translate Sakpatenti's office actions, search reports and correspondence back into the applicant's language, and the responses and amendments into Georgian, with the same team throughout prosecution.

Georgian inventors abroad: EPO, USPTO, CNIPA, Rospatent and PCT filings

Georgian universities, research institutes, companies and individual inventors file abroad - European patents at the EPO with validation translations in the states that require them, US applications at the USPTO, Chinese at the CNIPA, Eurasian patents at the EAPO in Russian, and PCT applications through Sakpatenti as receiving office followed by national phase entries around the world - and each office has language and format rules. We translate Georgian applications into English, German, French, Russian, Chinese and other languages with technical and patent-language specialists, prepare EPO validation translations of granted European patents into the languages of the validating states through our partner network where a state requires translation by a local professional, translate prior art and search results for the inventor and the attorney, and translate office actions and responses throughout prosecution, keeping the claims' terminology consistent across every jurisdiction's version so that the patent family says the same thing everywhere.

Oppositions, litigation, licensing and freedom to operate

Patents are read adversarially after grant. Oppositions and invalidity actions before Sakpatenti, the EPO and foreign offices and courts, infringement litigation before Georgian and foreign courts, and the freedom-to-operate and due diligence analyses that precede product launches and transactions all require translation of patents, prior art documents, expert declarations, claim charts, prosecution histories and court decisions, with the exactness that a cross-examining attorney will test and on procedural deadlines. Licensing agreements, assignments and technology transfer agreements that carry patents across borders are translated by the legal team with the patent translators, so that the patent's terminology and the contract's match. We translate these under NDA with restricted access, with a lead reviewer reading the whole file for consistency, and we provide interpreters for hearings and depositions.

Chemistry, biotechnology, mechanics, electronics and software

Patent translation is field-specific, and the translator must know the field's nomenclature and conventions: IUPAC nomenclature, Markush structures and sequence listings in chemistry and pharmaceuticals; sequence listings in the WIPO standard, cell lines, assays and dosing in biotechnology; tolerances, materials and mechanisms in mechanical engineering; circuit elements, signals and protocols in electronics and telecommunications; and algorithms, data structures and system architectures in software and computer-implemented inventions, where claim drafting conventions differ sharply between the EPO, the USPTO and the CNIPA. We assign patent translators by field, maintain a terminology database for each patent family, and use the client's or attorney's preferred terminology where one exists, and we deliver drawings with translated text where the office requires it (see our drawings page).

Pricing, timing and how to order

Patent translation is priced per word or per page at the patent tariff, which reflects field specialists and patent-language review, with translation memory discounts across patent families and framework rates for attorneys and IP firms; certificates of translation for office filings are included, and notarization or apostille is added where an office or a court requires it. A typical application of thirty to fifty pages is translated in one to two weeks; national phase deadlines are met with a margin agreed at the outset; office actions and responses in days; litigation documents on the court's timetable.

To order, send the application or patent with the drawings, the target office and the deadline on email, and any existing translations or terminology in the family; we reply within the hour with a fixed quote, the field specialist, the format plan and a delivery date with margin. Delivery is by email in the office's format, ready for filing by the applicant or the attorney.

Frequently asked questions

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